Contents

Ⅰ　General Report

1　Assessment Report on the Implementation of “National Fitness Plan (2011-2015)”

　　【“National Fitness Plan（2011-2015）”Implementation Impact Assessment Group】／001

　　1.Assessment Report of the General Administration of Sport of China on the Implementation

　　　　of “National Fitness Plan (2011-2015)”／002

　　2.Assessment Report on the Implementation of “National Fitness Plan (2011-2015)”

　　　　at the Provincial (Autonomous Regional/Municipal) Level in China／014

　　3.Assessment Report on the Implementation of “National Fitness Plan (2011-2015)”

　　　　at the Level of Ministries and Commissions under China’s State Council／028

　　4.Assessment Report on the Implementation of “National Fitness Plan (2011-2015)”

　　　　at the Social Force Level／038

　　5.Research Report on Public Satisfaction of the Implementation of “National Fitness

　　　　Plan (2011-2015)”／047

Abstract: “China’s National Fitness Plan (2011-2015)” (hereinafter referred to as “Plan”) is a programmatic document for the development of China’s mass sport during the “12th five-year plan” period. Its implementation and effects can be seen as an important basis for the assessment of public fitness services provided by Chinese governments. In June 2014, the General Administration of Sport of China conducted an assessment on the implementation of “Plan”. The “Assessment Report” mainly evaluates the attainment of objectives set out in “Plan”, which is carried out from six perspectives, namely, the General Administration of Sport of China, provinces (autonomous regions/municipalities), ministries and commissions under the State Council, social forces, and public satisfaction. What’s more, the “Assessment Report” presents an in-depth discussion on issues like the evaluation of public fitness services provided by governments at different levels, ways and measures to construct a better public service system for national fitness, and the formulation of “National Fitness Plan (2016-2020)”, which will lay a solid theoretical foundation for the construction of public sport services and a world sports power in the future.

Keywords: National Fitness Program; Implementation Impact Assessment

Ⅱ　Advanced Theory

2　Reflection on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Mass Sport【Liu Guoyong】／065

Abstract: Upgrading of national fitness as a national development strategy has brought new opportunities and changes to comprehensively deepening the reform of mass sport. In addition to that, China’s economy has entered a period of new normal, which also proposes new requirements for deepening the reform of mass sport to make China transform from “a major sports country” to “a world sports power”. In comply with the governance strategy of “four comprehensives”, deepening the reform of mass sport should start from aspects of innovating the management system and operation mechanism of mass sport, transforming government functions, and improving the public service system for promoting national fitness.

Paths and initiatives to deepen the reform of mass sport include: establish a cooperative development mechanism for national fitness at the state level; enrich and improve the working pattern of mass sport; clarify the power relationships and responsibilities of central and local governments; streamline administration, delegate more powers to lower-level government and society, improve regulation and optimize services to improve efficiency; foster and promote the development of sport organizations; better play the role of market forces in the development of national fitness; make full use of the role model of the demonstration spot; reform the system of social sport instructors; build a new platform and create a new model; construct a think-tank specialized for China’s mass sport.

Keywords: Mass Sport; Fitness;Public Sports Service;Sports Management System

3　Propel Social Construction by Mass Sport【Ren Hai】／081

Abstract: Social construction has been raised as a national development strategy，which marked that China has developed to a new stage of people-oriented value．Social harmony is the essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics．Sports are highly conformed to social construction value orientation because of its innate humanistic spirit. Based on its many social functions, sport has unique functions in social participation expanding, social inclusion promoting，social governance improvement，social value spreading．But these social functions won’t work automatically. If we want to active them, we need to change our ideas, make mass sport promote social construction and elaborate small sports groups’ social function. The basic goal of mass sport should be changed from people nature fitness attribute to comprehensive development of social attribute. “Government standard” of developing mass sport should transfer to “society standard”. We need to find a combination of mass sport and social construction, and make them promote each other. Thus, promoting social construction by mass sport is a practical need of China in this social developing period. Combination of mass sport and social construction will open a broad prospect for sport．

Keywords: Mass Sport; Social Participation; Social Value; Small Groups Sports Organized

4　Role of Market in the Development of Mass Sport【Bao Mingxiao, Qiu Xue and Wu Sa】／102

Abstract: The 3 rdplenary session of 18th CPC central committee put forward that market should play a decisive role in the distribution of resources. Mass sport is made up of basic public services and non-basic public services. The former one is guaranteed by the government and the latter one is supplied by the market. The authors hold the opinion that as it is an inevitable choice to give play to market effectiveness in advancing mass sport because mass sport takes up resources widely and largely, also its incentive and constraint mechanism is very complicated. This paper makes a comprehensive exposition about the market’s role in mass sport development from why and how market should play a role, and how relations should be dealt with for market to play a role. Promoting system innovation of mass sport gradually, deepening itself, developing market, stripping system’s non-basic part are the strategies to develop mass sport in china.

Keywords: Mass Sport; Physical Demand Non-basic Public Service; Fitness Services

5　Research on Structuring the National Fitness System Model Based on the Social Marketing

　　Theory【Lin Qiong, Chen Qiwen】／115

Abstract: Along with the continuous development of modern society, the theory of social marketing which derived from the traditional marketing has been expanded and widely used to solve the social problems by new ways and methods. In order to raise the overall welfare of society, we apply the principle of marketing to make our national group accepting the concepts and taking actions on the phrase of national fitness. The technology and means of social marketing could be played an important role in the process of the national fitness plan up to be nation-level strategy. This article discusses how to apply both the Push policy and Pull policy to form a new national fitness system.

Keywords: National Fitness System; Social Marketing; Push Strategy; Pull Strategy

Ⅲ　Macro Perspective

6　Research Report on the Implementation of “National Fitness Regulations” and “National

　　Fitness Plan (2011-2015)”【“ National Fitness Regulations,” the Implementation

　　of the Research Group Check】／127

Abstract: In November and December of 2014, a joint research group checked the implementation of “national fitness regulations” and “national fitness plan (2011-2015)” in four provinces (cities). The result shows that, new measures have been taken for the implementation of “regulations” and “plan”, and national fitness experienced a rapid development with new features. However, the result also shows that development levels of national fitness between urban and rural areas, and between regions are different; the population structure of sport organizations is imbalance; participation rate of social sport instructors into fitness guide is expected to grow; security problems prevent school sport facilities from being opened up to the public. To solve these problems, we need to: put the national development strategy of national fitness into practice; manage sport affairs by the rule of law and enhance the top design to construct a regulation system for national fitness; innovate institutional mechanism to impel equalization of basic public sports services; activate grass-root sport organizations; integrate social sport resources; improve the management and construction level of sport venues.

Keywords: National Fitness Regulations; National Fitness Plan (2011-2015); Sports Social Organization

7　Research Report on the Implementation of “National Fitness Regulations” and “National

　　Fitness Plan (2011-2015)” (Youth Sports) 【State Sports General Administration

　　Youth Sports Division】／136

Abstract: In November and December of 2014, the youth sports division of China’s General Administration of Sport checked the implementation of “national fitness regulations” and “national fitness plan (2011-2015)”, and the academic education of athletes in four provinces (cities).

The result shows that, public sport services forthe youth has made continuous improvement; regulations and policies concerning academic studies of young athletes have been released and implemented at local level; a working mechanism of normal academic education for young athletes has been set up. At the same time, the result also shows that the cross-sector collaboration mechanism for youth sports need to be enhanced; the implementation of including the academic education of athletes into local education planning and into local education funds is far from expected; fitness activities of young people are lacking guidance from professional sport instructors; the participation and integration of social resources are far from enough. To solve these problems, we need to: attach importance to macro-strategic studies to develop youth sports promotion plans; impel the implementation of “two including” in public sport schools; establish a national and provincial supervision mechanism for athlete’s academic education.

Keywords: Youth Sports; Implementation; Progress; Problems; Measures

Ⅳ　Local Mass Sports

8　Practices and Reflections on Government Procurement of Public Sport Services in Changzhou

　　City, Jiangsu Province【Ren Hongxing, Chen Xinrong and Ye Min】／144

Abstract: Government procurement of public sport services is an important measure to transform government functions, build service-oriented government, promote the sport reform and development,and innovate sport governance. What’s more, it is an important way to enrich providers and supply modes of public sport services. This article introduces practices of government procurement of public sport services in Changzhou city, Jiangsu province, and provides measures against existing problems.

Keywords: Government Procurement; Public Sport Services; Changzhou City

9　“Hand-in-Hand” of National Fitness and Mobile Internet: an Illustration of “Do-Sports”

　　APP Program in Hubei Province【Hubei Administration of Sport】／162

Abstract: Hubei province was specified as a demonstration pilot for the reform of large-scale stadium of in 2012. On July 18, 2014, Hubei provincial sports bureau released a public service platform, which consists of a “Do-Sports” APP, a PC website, a mobile website, and a Wechat official account. “Do-Sports” APP, an application software to provide phone users with fitness services such as venue booking, is a first-phase program for the construction of public service platform. The APP was put into use on July 18, 2014, and has been running for 9 months by now. The operation and experience of “Do-Sports” APP shows that the combination of national fitness and mobile Internet will bring profound influence on the organization and participation of national fitness. By studying the development, promotion and current condition of “Do Sports” App, this article explored new approaches for integrated development of national fitness and mobile Internet.

Keywords: Hubei Psrovince; “Do Sports”; APP Project ; Ports Public Service Platform

10　Summary of Legislation for “Regulations to Promote National Fitness in Shenzhen Special

　　Economic Zone”【Shenzhen Sports and Tourism Bureau Policies and Regulations】／176

Abstract: After two years of modification and based on “rules to promote national fitness in Shenzhen special economic zone (released in 1999)”, “regulations to promote national fitness in Shenzhen special economic zone” passed the vote at the 31th plenary meeting of the 5th Shenzhen people’s congress standing committee on August 28, 2014, and was formally implemented on January 1, 2015.

This article introduced the legislative process (open-door legislation), legislative thinking development and innovation, legislative spirit (practice-and operation-advanced), and legislative philosophy (from managing to serving, from prohibiting to guaranteeing) of “regulations”. In addition, this article described considerations on issues including the management subject of public sport facilities, opening-up of sport facilities in primary and secondary schools to the public, the naming of sport activities and competitions, and the establishment of fitness incentive mechanism. What’s more, this article discussed, from the perspective of law, the making and promotion of corresponding systems, and practices, problems and experience in terms of legal training.

Keywords: Shenzhen; Fitness; Legislation; Incentives

Ⅴ　Sector Collaboration

11　Play the Role of Business Clubs, Expand the Outdoor Sports Market, and Build a National

　　Fitness Service System【Zhang Zhijian】／194

Abstract: Commercial sport clubs may function as a linkage between government, social organizations and the mass, a major driving force in promoting the socialization of sports, and play a vanguard role of the sports market. It is of great importance to full play the role of commercial sport clubs under the principle of “serving, guiding, and standardizing”, helping them develop in comply with market rules. In this scenario, sport industry can become an important part of national fitness service system.

Keywords: Commercial Sport Clubs, Sports Market, Fitness Public Service System

12　Research on the Present Situation and Development Suggestions of Grassroots Sport and

　　Fitness for Disabled People in China【Dai Qingsong, Zhao Kun and Liu Zhenyi】／203

Abstract: This research analyzed the items, facilities, professional instructors, and influence factors of grassroots sport and fitness for disabled people in China, with the methods of literature review, questionnaire, expert interview and etc. The result shows that in China, the overall participation of disabled people into sports and fitness activities is not optimistic: activities taken are varied with types of disabilities; the major motivation for disabled people to participate in sport and fitness activities is rehabilitation, with the form of exercising alone; people with different personality and age will choose different activities; because of low income, the consumption level of disable people on sport and fitness is comparatively low; disabled people always perform physical exercises on public spaces such as parks; facilities specialized for disabled people are severely lacking; professional fitness instructors are far from enough. In response to these problems, this article proposed some suggestions and countermeasures for the development of the disabled sport and fitness.

Keywords: Disabled People; Rehabilitation Fitness ; Mass Spores

Ⅵ　Social Set-up

13　Study on the Relationship between Lottery Investment into National Fitness and

　　Credibility-Building【Yang Chunlei】／223

Abstract: For a long time, sport lottery has made an outstanding contribution to the development of China’s national fitness. Based on the relationship between lottery investment and credibility-building, this article analyzed problems existed in the investment of sport lottery into national fitness. For example, corresponding regulations are imperfect, the supervision system is incomplete, and the publicity is poor. From the perspective of completing the sport lottery management system, this article put forward some suggestions on preceding problems.

Keywords: National Fitness; Credibility; Sport Lottery

14　Reconstructing a Hundreds of Billions of Market for Mass Sports【Yan Jingfeng】／232

Abstract: With the improvement of mobile Internet technology and popularization of mobile communications equipment, the continuous increasing of mobile internet population has drawn great attention of the market. Meanwhile, the improvement of people’s living standard will promote the development of national fitness. To ensure that national fitness develop in a long-term, effective and sustainable manner, we need to seek a new solution with the help of mobile Internet technology, whose O2O mode, intelligent hardware for sports, and online social networking of sport organizations can effectively address problems such as insufficient sport facilities, lack of technicalization for mass sport, and low-level organization of grassroots mass sport. The cross-border integration of mobile Internet and mass sport will promote the evolution of corresponding technologies, and the combination of mobile Internet population and sports population will construct a huge market. This article used cases shown in 2014 China Sports Marketing Forum (CSMF) as examples to analyze current conditions of mass sport and mobile Internet, and the promotion of mobile Internet on the development of mass sport.

Keywords: Mobile Lnternet; Mass Sport; Intelligent Hardware

15　National Fitness, Starting from Here: an Introduction to China’s “2015 National Fitness

　　Carnival”【Asia Fitness Academy】／248

Abstract: “2015 National Fitness Carnival” is a national public welfare activity, which is initiated by China Association for Promotion of National Fitness and Asian Fitness Academy, and will be hosted in 100 cities with 1,000,000 and more inhabitants. The carnival will provide a variety of activities under themes of “Amateur Fitness Carnival” and “Professional Fitness Conference”, and top international experts will be invited to give lectures. All these will make the carnival attract large participants from all walks of life and promote the development of fitness industry in China.

Keywords: Fitness Carnival; Fitness Exchange; Charitable Activities

Ⅶ　Report on Subjects for Reference

16　Practice and Enlightenment of Mass Sport for People with Disabilities in the UK

　　【Li Dongting】／254

Abstract: This article, by using research method such s as literature review, logical analysis, comparison, and etc., makes a comprehensive examination and study on the polices, the administration／management, the strategies and measures employed by the UK government in the development of mass sports for people with disabilities, as well as the status quo and major features of disability sport in the UK. Mass sport for people with disabilities in the UK is led by the government, participated jointly by the public, private and third sectors, and included in mass sport for ordinary people. Such management and operation mechanism allows the UK government to adopt inclusive measures and specific methods for the integrated development of mass sport for both disabled and ordinary people. Good practice and experience in the UK can be used as a reference for China. As long as we improve the operation mechanism of disability sports, take appropriate measures, and enhance the pace and quality of sport development under the “all sectors involved” working pattern, great achievements can be made for people with disabilities on the equality of sport rights in China.

Keywords: The UK; Mass Sport for People With Disabilities; Integrated Manegement

17　Research on the Status-Quo and Development Trends of International Fitness and

　　Recreation Industry【Chen Lin】／270

Abstract: Goods industry accounts for a large proportion of sport industry in China. The State Council of China proposed to optimize the structure of sport industry and promote sport consumption. Therefore, accelerating the development of fitness and recreation industry is one of the overall development trends for sport industry in China. Starting from the concept and role of fitness and recreation industry, this article introduced the status quo and features of fitness and recreation industry in field-leading countries, and analyzed good practices in these countries from perspectives of market sharing, specific activities, and participation rate. Finally, this article proposed the development trends of international sport and recreation industry and the enlightenment to China.

Keywords: Sport Industry ; Fitness and Recreation Industry; International Comparison

18　Government’s Role in the Governance of Mass Sport in Field-leading Countries

　　【Hou Haibo, Li Guihua, Chen Lin, Wang Ying, Wang Yuexin, Chang Lihua,

　　Jin Xiannü, Zhang Shuguang and Li Chen】／286

Abstract: By means of literature review, expert consultation, analytical comparison and experience summarization, thisarticle analyzed the role and function of government in the governance of mass sport in field-leading countries. The result shows that, even though governments in different countries play different roles in mass sport governance according to national conditions, there are some similarities. At present, the governance model of mass sport in these fielding-leading countries can be summarized as “managing sports affairs according to the law, streamlining administration and delegating more power to lower-level governments, and promoting cross-sector collaboration”. Law-based cross-sector collaboration has been widely adopted in these countries, but varied in degrees. Such governance mechanism enables the public sector, the commercial/private sector, and the third sector to full play their advantages, and to form a partnership between them. In the governance, these countries attach great importance to macro planning so as to introduce social and market forces into mass sport, and provide police and financial support as needed; on the other hand, they set up a complete administrative supervision and accountability system to ensure the healthy development of mass sport.

Keywords: Field-leading Countries; Mass Sport Governance; Government; Role; Function

19　Research on Integration of Elite Sport and Sport for All in Major Developed Countries

　　【Wang Ying, Wang Yuexin, Hou Haibo, Chang Lihua, Chen Lin, Zhang Shuguang

　　and Li Chen】／306

Abstract: The research methods of literature review, expert consultation and analytical comparison have been applied in this paper to study on the integration of elite sport and sport for all in the world’s major developed countries. The level of elite sport and popularity of sport for all is closely related, and the penetration and integration between the two indicate one of the development trends of sport in the future. A number of developed countries attach great importance to the balance between elite sport and sport for all while formulating sport policies or guidelines. The two systems always provide talents for each other. The major sporting events and sport for all manage to achieve a win-win situation. All these experiences can provide valuable references for sport development in our country.

Keywords: Major Developed Countries; Elite Sport; Sport for All; Integration

Ⅷ　Appendix

20　Results of Physical Activities and Physical Fitness Survey on Chinese Aged between 6 and 69

　　(August 6, 2014)／321

21　The Sixth National Census Data about Sport Fields and Facilities in China／329