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This report introduces the concept of health philanthropy, aiming to summarize various private non-profit social public welfare activities dedicated to people's health since the reform and opening up, especially in the past 10 years or so, explore the corresponding public welfare resource allocation, public welfare operation mechanism, public welfare output and corresponding benefit status, reveal some important trends and essential laws embodied in the development of health public welfare, and make an overall judgment on the policies, regulations and systems/institutions that affect and promote the development of health public welfare. Our basic view is that, over the past 40 years, health public welfare has undergone a tortuous development process from bottom-up to top-down in line with China's economic and social development, deepening reform and opening-up, and social transformation, and is roughly equivalent to the process of medical reform. In recent years, with the new health care reform and policy system, health public welfare has been flourishing and innovating and iterating, gradually emerging three main forms that respond to different problems, lead different trends, and are symbiotic and iterating in turn: first, public welfare type of health philanthropy, which is mainly composed of various social organizations, mobilizing social resources, and helping the disadvantaged groups as the main mission; second, healthy type of health philanthropy, which is mainly composed of non-profit medical institutions and urban and rural communities, and is mainly characterized by the construction and sharing of common treatment by multiple subjects, and promotes general health as the main mission; Third, Fusion type of health philanthropic, which is along with the development and application of new technologies such as the Internet and big data, there are integrated health and public welfare, rich in social innovation and with health public welfare as its main mission.

Based on a clear definition of the basic concept of health philanthropy, this report analyzes the evolution and development of health public welfare in three main stages from a historical perspective, explores the current situation and main features of health philanthropy in terms of resource allocation, operation mechanism, output and benefits based on case studies, summarizes some important trends in the development of health public welfare on the basis of empirical evidence, and finally puts forward corresponding policy judgments and recommendations.

Keywords: Health Philanthropy; Health Care System Reform; Institutional Support