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Promoting urbanization is the inevitable course to achieve modernization，and it is of great significance for building a new development pattern，building an ecological civilization，and promoting common prosperity. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，the urbanization has achieved positive results. Substantial progress has been made in promoting the citizenization of rural migrant Population，optimizing the spatial pattern of urbanization，enhancing the ability of urban sustainable development，and promoting the urban-rural integrated development. However，it should also be noted that some problems in the field of urbanization have not yet been fundamentally resolved. For example，some cities have high thresholds for settlement，large gaps in public services between urban and rural areas，and polarization of urban node population changes. These problems restrict the high-quality development of urbanization. At present，our country has entered a new development stage of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. In the process of moving towards modernization，how to deepen the new urbanization and improve the quality of urbanization development is a major issue that needs to be studied. The fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee recommendation puts forward that china will promote human-centered new urbanization. Population is a quantitative reflection of Human. Therefore，human-centered new urbanization should take population as a basic reference. Through international comparison and historical review，this book has positioned the process of urbanization in china，summarized the experiences and problems of urbanization，and predicted the trend of urbanization from different dimensions. On this basis，the important areas，development orientation and reform focus of promoting the high-quality development of urbanization are discussed. The specific content includes the following aspects.

The first is to predict and analyze the future trend of urbanization. The prediction results show that during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period，China will see an “inflection point” where urbanization will progress from a high speed to a gradual slowdown. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period until 2035，the speed of urbanization will continue to slow down. After 2035，the urbanization will enter a relatively stable stage. The peak level of urbanization rate may likely appear between 75% and 80%. Although the speed of urbanization will slow down，about 160 million rural people will be transferred to cities and towns by 2035. These populations will have a significant impact on the distribution of urban populations，and it is necessary to plan the layout and supply of industries，infrastructure and public services.

The second is to examine the new situation and new problems of population mobility，and propose countermeasures. From the perspective of the overall urban and rural population flow，the phenomenon of permanent return of migrant workers to their hometowns has gradually become prominent in recent years，which may bring some challenges to urban and rural development. The return of migrant workers is the result of the transformation of China’s economic development stage and the constraints of the urban and rural systems. The coordinated reform of the household registration system and the land system can effectively reduce the return of migrant workers and stabilize the supply of urban labor. The characteristics of the floating population in cities have also undergone new changes. The “urban-rural” population flow is still dominant，but the proportion is decreasing，and the proportion of the “urban-urban” population flow is gradually increasing；the urban-rural migrants’ willingness to stay is significantly less urban-urban migrants. In order to promote the balanced flow of urban and rural population，it is necessary to gradually improve the macro policy system of employment priority policies，unblock the flow channels of urban and rural elements，and accelerate the establishment of a unified urban and rural social security system covering the migrants.

The third is to study the relationship between public services and new urbanization. With the improvement of urban construction and income of residents，the floating population pays more and more attention to the city’s public service level. Education，medical treatment and housing are playing an increasingly important role in attracting and retaining the floating population. In order to promote the sharing of urban development results，a new human-centered urbanization quality evaluation index system should be constructed，and the urban public services actually enjoyed by the permanent resident population，especially the migrants，should be taken as an important criterion for evaluating the quality of urbanization.

The fourth is to discuss changes in the spatial pattern of urbanization and the direction of optimization. In terms of different regions，there are obvious gradient differences in the level of urbanization，showing a trend of gradual decline from east to west；in terms of city size，the urban population expansion presents an obvious positive correlation relation to polulation size，that is：the larger the population the faster the expansion of the city，and small cities expand more slowly. Although large cities are growing rapidly，their radiating and leading function needs to be intensified compared with developed countries’s large cities. At the same time，the problem of “city diseases” in some megacities is also more prominent，which requires unified planning within metropolitan areas and urban agglomerations.