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This report uses the Marxist contradiction analysis method to sort out the development context of China's coal industry,and believes that the contradictions faced by the coal industry are changing from the contradiction between supply and demand to the contradiction between safety and low-carbon transformation.In the future,we will face three major contradictions:coal demand is still high before and after the peak of carbon and coal production capacity is declining,carbon constraint is enhanced in the carbon neutral stage and coal-based energy volume is still huge,coal demand is declining for a long time and the difficulty of sustainable development of mining areas is increasing.This article also studies and judges the changes in the medium- and long-term demand pattern of China's coal industry under the“double carbon”goal,analyzes the adjustment trend of coal development layout,and believes that China's existing coal mines will be unable to meet coal demand before and after the carbon peak.From the“14th Five-Year Plan”to the“16th Five-Year Plan”period,China still needs to build a number of advanced production capacities in Shanxi,Shaanxi,Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and other regions.Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,the“five-ring”transformation and development idea of China's coal industry in the future period is proposed,that is,the continuous upgrading of the industry in the core ring,the optimization of the layout structure in the second ring,and the green and low-carbon transformation in the third ring,the multiple synergistic coupling in the fourth ring and the utilization of exiting coal mines in the fifth ring.

Keywords: Coal Industry; Carbon Neutrality; Industrial Layout; Energy-Resource Structure