Preface ..................................................................／1
Chapter Ⅰ Emergence and Form of the Emperor ............................／1
Section ⅰ Origin of the Emperor ....................................／2
Section ⅱ Imperial Regime ..........................................／10
Section ⅲ Military Absolutism ......................................／24
Section ⅳ Patriarchal Absolutism ...................................／27
Section ⅴ Basic Characteristics of the Form of the Emperor .........／36
Chapter Ⅱ Types of the Chinese Emperor .................................／43
Section ⅰ The Entrepreneurial Type .................................／45
Section ⅱ The Type That Maintains Past Achievements ................／60
Section ⅲ The Reformative Type .....................................／72
Section ⅳ The Self-indulgent Type ..................................／82
Section ⅴ The Type That Endangers His Empire .......................／93
Section ⅵ The Ferocious Type .......................................／105
Section ⅶ The Puppet Type and the Overlord .........................／123
Chapter Ⅲ Development Stages, Scope and Limits of Imperial Power .......／145
Section ⅰ Evolution of Liege Relation ..............................／146
Section ⅱ Growth and Decline of the Power of the Chief Minister ....／152
Section ⅲ Change in Military Power and Fiscal Power ................／165
Section ⅳ Scope and Nature of Imperial Power .......................／174
Section ⅴ Limits of Imperial Power .................................／179
Chapter Ⅳ Operation Mode of Imperial Power:Decision-making .............／187
Section ⅰ Foundation and Information Channels of Decision-making ...／189
Section ⅱ Mode and Procedure of Decision-making ....................／201
Section ⅲ Features of Decision-making by the Emperor ...............／220
Chapter Ⅴ Alienation of Imperial Power (Part I) ........................／229
Section ⅰ Petticoat Government and Usurpation of Consort Clans .....／231
Section ⅱ Features and Social Consequences of Petticoat Government .／245
Chapter Ⅵ Alienation of Imperial Power (Part II) .......................／253
Section ⅰ Eunuchs Usurpation and Alienation of Imperial Power ......／256
Section ⅱ Political Features of Eunuchs Dictatorship ...............／263
Section ⅲ Eunuchs Dictatorship and Social Crisis ...................／278
Chapter Ⅶ Absolutism, Centralism and Bureaucracy .......................／291
Section ⅰ Manifestation of Absolutism at the Level of System .......／292
Section ⅱ Absolutism and Centralism ................................／298
Section ⅲ Bureaucracy and Bureaucratism ............................／305
Chapter Ⅷ The Emperor and Feudal Privileges ............................／319
Section ⅰ Basic Features of Feudal Privileges ......................／321
Section ⅱ Social Basis of Feudal Privileges ........................／330
Section ⅲ Feudal Privileges and Social Contradiction ...............／334
Chapter Ⅸ Cultural Policies of The Emperor .............................／339
Section ⅰ Taking Legalism as Orthodox Philosophy, Burning Books
and Burying Confucian Scholars Alive .....................／341
Section ⅱ Proscribing all nonConfucian Schools of Thought and
Espousing Confucianism as the Orthodox State Ideology ....／343
Section ⅲ Selecting Officials through Examination
on Confucius Classics and Eight-Part Essay ...............／341
Section ⅳ Literary Persecution of Song, Jin and Ming Dynasties .....／355
Section ⅴ Literary Persecution During the Reign of Emperor
Kang Xi and Emperor Yong Zheng ...........................／365
Section ⅵ Literary Persecution During the Reign of Emperor
Qian Long ................................................／370
Section ⅶ Features and Effects of Cultural Absolutism Policies .....／376
Chapter Ⅹ The Imperial Regime and Patriarchal Clan Relations ...........／387
Section ⅰ Fathercentered Patriarchal System and Patriarchal
Clan System ..............................................／388
Section ⅱ Features and Nature of Patriarchal Clan Relation .........／393
Section ⅲ Political Functions of Patriarchal Clan Relation .........／411
Chapter Ⅺ Economic Foundation of Absolutism ............................／419
Section ⅰ Small Scale Peasant Economy Is Not An Independent Social
Economic System ..........................................／420
Section ⅱ Landlord Economy Is the Foundation of Autocracy ..........／431
Chapter Ⅻ The Emperor and the Peasant ..................................／449
Section ⅰ Fundamentally Conflicting Class Relations ................／451
Section ⅱ Peasant Wars Were Agains Autocratic Emperors .............／473
Section ⅲ Influence of Absolutism on Leaders of Peasant Wars .......／482
Chapter Ⅻ Conclusion ...................................................／505
Appendix Paradox of Legitimacy ..........................................／517
Contents Bibliography ...................................................／537
Description:
"Emperors of China" is a successful work which integrates the history with the politics organically, and which develops a school of author’s own. Bai Gang is the first scholar to carefully examine emperors of China with the political and cultural insight whether in the domestic and foreign history circles or in the politics circles. This book has not the empty talk and the twaddle phrase, and non-rational words, and is a work with a new look, which is worth seeing in a better light for the academic circles. Author makes up his mind to observe the emperor phenomenon from the angle of politics research, and discusses the modality of Chinese emperors from every profile using the history research methodology, which is valuable effort, and is important breakthrough for the research of political system history.
