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China has always been a strong supporter of economic globalisation, and since its accession to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2001, the process of trade liberalisation in China has accelerated significantly, but at the same time China has suffered from environmental pollution as a result of becoming the 'world factory'. It is therefore worthwhile to focus on how to promote trade liberalisation and ecological civilisation in an integrated manner. Based on a theoretical analysis of the environmental impact of trade liberalisation, this book uses a multi-regional recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and a multi-regional environmental input-output (EIO) model to quantitatively assess the impact of China's WTO accession on the Chinese and global environment within the framework of the "trade-economy-environment" system. The study also proposes policy recommendations to promote the harmonious development of trade and environment in China.